Synthesis of Nonmetallic Materials (FSI-WCH)

Academic year 2021/2022
Supervisor: doc. Ing. Klára Částková, Ph.D.  
Supervising institute: ÚMVI all courses guaranted by this institute
Teaching language: Czech
Aims of the course unit:
The aim of the course is to provide the students of material engineering fundamental physical and chemical information about synthesis of non-metallic materials and their precursors, which are important for understanding the relations between the structure of materials end their (physical) chemical reactivity.
Learning outcomes and competences:
Students will be able to use the acquired knowledge in the following master studies of material engineering and to the solution of appropriate problems of industrial practice.
Prerequisites:
The knowledge of inorganic, organic and physical chemistry on the secondary school level or basic course of chemistry of mechanical engineering is assumed.
Course contents:
The course is focused on the synthesis of non-metallic materials-polymers and ceramic powders, including the behaviour of ceramic colloidal particles in liquid media. The aim of the course is to provide students of material engineering with fundamental physical and chemical information about synthesis of non-metallic materials and their precursors, which are important for understanding the relations between the structure of materials end their (physical) chemical reactivity.
Teaching methods and criteria:
The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline. Teaching is suplemented by practical laboratory work.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes:
Course-unit credit requirements: attendance at seminars and fulfilment of assignments. Examination verifies the knowledge of the theory and its applications to solving practical problems. The exam is oral with a written preparation time.
Controlled participation in lessons:
Attendance at seminars and fulfilment of assignments is required. In case students do not meet these conditions they can be given additional assignments.
Type of course unit:
    Lecture  13 × 2 hrs. optionally                  
    Laboratory exercise  13 × 2 hrs. compulsory                  
Course curriculum:
    Lecture 1. Polymers: monomers, nomenclature of polymers, polymerisation stage, functionality of monomers, structure of polymers.
2. Chain polymerisation: influence of chemical structure of monomer on polymerisation mechanism, iniciation-propagation-termination-chain transfer; radical, ionic and coordination polymerisation, copolymerisation.
3. Polycondensation polymerisation: influence of monomers structure on polycondensation, mechanisms of poolycondensation.
4. Polyadition: mechamism of polyaditio, block and grafted copolymers. Reaction of polymers: netting of polymers, degradation of polymers.
5. Ceramic powders: conventional preparation method, homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, particle growth in solution, coprecipitation.
6. Ceramic powders: sol-gel synthesis of colloids, sol-gel processing of metalorganic compounds, polycondensation sol-gel methods.
7. Ceramic powders: nonconventional preparation methods-hydrothermal, microwave and sonochemical methods, hydrolysis of salt solutions, non-aqeous liquid-phase reactions.
8. Gas-phase syntheses. Aerosol-derived powders. Emulsion reactions of powders. Freeze- and spray- drying.
9. Polymerisation methods of ceramic synthesis: Synthesis of organometallic polymers. Polymer pyrolysis. Synthesis of non-oxide particles.
10. Biomimetic methods: natural ceramic materials and their formation by biological ways. Biomimetic pricessing of bioceramic.
11. Colloids-attractive forces between colloidal particles. Classification of physical forces. Van der Waals forces. Interaction between surfaces and particles. Hamaker constant.
12. Colloids-electrostatic forces and the electrical double layer: sources of interfacial charge. Electrostatic theory- Coulombś law. Electrokinetic phenomena.
13. Colloids and Colloidal stability: Colloid structure. Stability of colloids and mechanisms of stabilization-electrostatic and steric stabilization. DLVO theory. Coagulation of colloids.
    Laboratory exercise 1. Polymers
2. Chain polymerisation
3. Polycondensation polymerisation
4. Polyadition
5. Ceramic powders: conventional preparation method
6. Ceramic powders: nonconventional preparation methods
7. Polymerisation methods of ceramic synthesis
8. Gas-phase syntheses. Aerosol-derived powders. Emulsion reactions of powders
9. Polymerisation methods of ceramic synthesis
10. Biomimetic methods
11. Colloids-attractive forces between colloidal particles
12. Colloids-electrostatic forces and the electrical double layer
13. Colloids and Colloidal stability
Literature - fundamental:
1. R.J. Brook (editor): Processing of Ceramics, Part I., vol 17A of Materials Science and technology, Wiley – WCH, Weinheim 1996, p.70-98.
2. B.J. Brook (editor): Processing of Ceramics, Part II., vol. 178 of Materials Science and Technology, Wiley-WCH, Weinheim 1996, p.2-82.
3. L.V. Interrante and M.J. Hampden-Smith (editor), Chemistry of Advanced Materials, Wiley-WCH, New York 1998, p.389-448.
4. B.I. Lee and E.J.A. Pope (editor): Chemical Processing of Ceramics, Marcel Pokker, New York 1994, p.61-127.
5. D. Myers: Surfaces, Interfaces, and Colloids, Wiley-WCH, New York 1999.
6. M. Kučera: Vznik makromolekul I., Vysoké učení technické v Brně, nakladatelství VUTIUM, 2003.
7. M. Kučera: Vznik makromolekul II., Vysoké učení technické v Brně, nakladatelství VUTIUM, 2003.
Literature - recommended:
1. R.J. Brook (editor): Processing of Ceramics, Part I., vol 17A of Materials Science and technology, Wiley – WCH, Weinheim 1996, p.70-98.
2. B.J. Brook (editor): Processing of Ceramics, Part II., vol. 178 of Materials Science and Technology, Wiley-WCH, Weinheim 1996, p.2-82.
3. D. Myers: Surfaces, Interfaces, and Colloids, Wiley-WCH, New York 1999.
4. M. Kučera: Vznik makromolekul I., Vysoké učení technické v Brně, nakladatelství VUTIUM, 2003.
5. M. Kučera: Vznik makromolekul II., Vysoké učení technické v Brně, nakladatelství VUTIUM, 2003.
The study programmes with the given course:
Programme Study form Branch Spec. Final classification   Course-unit credits     Obligation     Level     Year     Semester  
N-MTI-P full-time study --- no specialisation -- Cr,Ex 5 Compulsory 2 1 W