Sensorics, Measurment and Industrial Diagnostics (FSI-VMD)

Learning outcomes of the course unit The aim of the course is to acquire knowledge in the field of sensorics, measurement and technical diagnostics. These areas of science are important today to understand the problems in technical practice. The aim is also to become familiar with the maintenance of technical equipment, because it can significantly affect the economy of the company. The operability of technical equipment is also associated with an important area, namely reliability. Thus, the aim of the course is to understand the basic facts of reliability.

Learning outcomes of the course unit The aim of the course "Sensors, Measurement and Diagnostics" is to understand the basic facts from the mentioned areas and also to clarify the connections needed for technical practice. Students acquire a relatively high level of competence in the field of sensorics, measurement and technical diagnostics.

Prerequisites and co-requisites Basic knowledge of physics, mathematics, statistics and mechanics is expected at the level of completed subjects in the framework of university studies.

The course is focused on the issues of measurement (metrology), sensors and technical diagnostics. The importance of these individual scientific areas is explained and their connection and importance for current industrial practice is emphasized. The teaching of the subject is consistently based on the latest current modern knowledge.First, attention is focused on metrology, then sensors and methods for measuring physical quantities. This is extensively elaborated and justified in the lectures. Emphasis is also placed on signal analysis, causes of technical equipment failures, defects and damage, as well as non-destructive testing (NDT) and especially technical diagnostics. From technical diagnostics, the student will get acquainted in some detail with vibrodiagnostics, electrodiagnostics, thermodiagnostics, noise diagnostics, acoustic emission and ultrasound. Other methods of technical diagnostics are also presented and described, such as tribodiagnostics, assembly and optical measurements, multiparametric diagnostics, etc. The student will get acquainted with the approaches in technical diagnostics that are used in today's industry to assess the condition of technical equipment. Today, modern approaches based on remote monitoring, online system administration, evaluation of measured data, visualization, application of artificial intelligence, etc. are also developed and presented in the teaching. The reliability of elements and systems is also discussed in detail and considerable space is devoted to maintenance issues with a focus on modern approaches. The details of the course are elaborated in the way of teaching lectures and laboratory exercises.

The course is taught in the form of lectures, which are an explanation of the basic principles and theory of the discipline. Teaching is complemented by laboratory exercises, where the theoretical knowledge gained from lectures is practically verified. Where possible, lectures will be organized for practitioners and field trips to companies dealing with activities related to the subject matter.

The laboratory exercise is completed by a credit (it is awarded in the 13th teaching week). To obtain it, 100% participation in exercises, activity in exercises and elaboration, submission and teacher recognition of protocols (reports) from all prescribed laboratory exercises is required. Further details are communicated to students at the beginning of the semester. Obtaining a credit is a necessary condition for participation in the exam. The exam consists of a written part followed by an oral interview. In the written part, the student will process five assigned questions. In the oral part, the orientation in the studied issues is examined. The evaluation of the written part, the oral part and the overall evaluation of the exam is given by the classification scale according to ECTS.

Controlled participation in lessons: Controlled participation in lessons: 100% attendance at seminars is required. In case of absence, the student is obliged to compensate the lessons.

1. Importance of technical diagnostics, sensors and measurements - basic concepts and terminology.


2. Metrology. Gauges. Continuity of gauges. Calibration and verification of gauges. Measurement uncertainties. Measuring instruments. Block diagram of the measuring chain. Digital measuring instrument. Smart devices. Wireless and virtual communication.


3. Sensory. Sensors. Distribution and properties of sensors. Examples of the use of selected sensors. Inductive, capacitive and ultrasonic sensor. Smart sensors. MEMS sensors.


4. Methods of measuring physical quantities: deformation, pressure, smart pressure sensors, temperature, smart temperature measurement, non-contact temperature measurement.


5. Methods of measuring physical quantities - continued: level, flow, humidity. Infrared absorption and reflection method.


6. Signal analysis. Signal - division and description. Measuring chain, channel. Multifunction measuring cards. Signal analyzers. Measurement interference. Digitization of analog signals. Quantization and sampling. Frequency analysis. Fourier transform. DFT and FFT transformations. Aliasing. Leak error. Examples of analyzers.


7. Causes of failures of technical equipment. Fault-mechanism and causes of faults. Wear. Other causes of failures. Fault, defect, damage. Non-destructive testing (NDT). Purpose, selected methods and techniques of NDT.


8. Technical diagnostics. Diagnosable. Diagnosis. Fault, fault. Diagnostic quantity, resources, system. Diagnostician. Distribution of technical diagnostics according to diagnostic quantity and equipment. Multiparametric diagnostics. Models of diagnosed objects. Current trends in technical diagnostics. Remote monitoring, online system administration, data evaluation, visualization. Diagnostic expert system. Artificial intelligence, use of fuzzy sets and neural networks.


9. Vibrodiagnostics. Vibration. Measured quantities-deviation, speed, acceleration. Vibration measurement-vibrometers, vibrometers, analyzers. Vibration sensors and their properties. MEMS accelerometers. Calibration curve, sensor sensitivity. Mounting of sensors. Vibrations measured on non-rotating parts of the machine. Vibration evaluation. Frequency analysis. Analyzer settings. Spectrum analysis methods. Cascade diagrams. Phase shift. Acceleration envelope. Spectrograph. Vibrodiagnostics of bearings. Online vibration diagnostics. Trends in vibrodiagnostics.


10. Electrodiagnostics. Electrical equipment and their diagnostics. Diagnostics of asynchronous motors - defects and faults, FFT analysis of stator current, diagnostic methods focused on machine windings, measurement of short circuit between windings and phases. Diagnostics of transformers, partial discharges and insulating liquids. Cable diagnostics.


11. Thermodiagnostics. Passive and active thermography. Noise diagnostics. Acoustic emission. Ultrasound.


12. Tribodiagnostics. Wear condition diagnostics. Lubricant degradation diagnostics. Mounting and optical measurement. Alignment, misalignment. Establishment. Imbalance.


13. Reliability of elements and systems. Renewable and non-renewable object. Repairable and unrepairable object. Reliability indicators. Reliability enhancement methods. Maintenance. Maintenance generation. Maintenance distribution. Modern approaches in maintenance. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM).

1. Introduction to the subject matter, work safety in the laboratory.


2. Measuring instruments used in laboratory practice, properties, operation, demonstration of practical measurements.


3. Measurement uncertainties, solution of concrete examples.


4. Sensors, sensors for measurement. Signal collection, processing and digitization.


5. Signal analysis and acquaintance with hardware and software for signal evaluation, work with selected analyzers.


6. SW Matlab and Simulink, acquaintance with the program and its use in laboratory exercises, practical application.


7. Vibrodiagnostics as one of the tools for determining the causes of failures, basic measurements using selected analyzers.


8. Vibrodiagnostics, measurement of quantities on a real device and model.


9. Electrodiagnostics, measurement of quantities on real equipment and their evaluation.


10. Thermodiagnostics, temperature measurement and analysis, contact and contactless temperature measurement, thermal imager.


11. Assembly and optical measurement. Alignment, misalignment. Establishment. Imbalance. Practical cases and their evaluation. Multiparametric diagnostics, evaluation of the condition of machines and equipment, protocol (technical report) from diagnostic surveys.


12. Maintenance of machinery in practice, design of modern approaches in maintenance (TPM), maintenance planning, use of diagnostics in maintenance, reliability. Solving specific cases.


13. Final exercises, evaluation, credit.