Conversion of Energy and Its Impact on Environment (FSI-LVP)

Academic year 2018/2019
Supervisor: doc. Ing. Zdeněk Skála, CSc.  
Supervising institute: EÚ all courses guaranted by this institute
Teaching language: Czech
Aims of the course unit:
Student will be made familiar with the main pollutants of combustion processes, dispersion of these pollutants and with methods protection of the environment . They will be also informed of the design of dust removing equipment and desuphurization devices and NOx decreasing methods.
Learning outcomes and competences:
Students will learn of basic stoichiometric calculation of combustion processes, calculation of reactant consumption. They will acquire the basic knowledge of flue gas cleaning technologies and knowledge for designing individual devices used for flue gas cleaning.
Prerequisites:
Boilers, sources and transformation of energy, termomechanics.
Course contents:
The course is focused on impacts of power engineering and its influence on the environment, above all, on the Air Quality, air pollution meteorology and dispersion of a polutants. Students will be made familiar with harmfull pollutants from combustion process, and they will learn of flue gas cleaning (gas filter, impingement separator, electrostatic presipitatorts), desulfurization process and technologies reducing NOx emissions(primary andsecondary measurments).
Last lecture deals with the dumping of solid residues from cleaning technologies.
Teaching methods and criteria:
The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline. Exercisses are focused on practical topics presented in lectures.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes:
Active participation at seminars, handing in 2 assignments. Attendance on excursion Waste -to Energy plant.
The exam is written and oral.
Controlled participation in lessons:
Attendance at seminars is required, compensation of missed lessons to be negotiated with a teacher.
Type of course unit:
    Lecture  13 × 3 hrs. optionally                  
    Exercise  13 × 2 hrs. compulsory                  
Course curriculum:
    Lecture 1. Component of environment, atmosphere, composition of atmosphere. Physical properties.
2. Solid, liquid and gaseous industrial emission. Power generation emissions overview. Origin and sources.
3. Emission of CO, CO2, greenhouse effect, biomass and its combustion, specific emission of CO2.
4. Emissions of acid gases NOx, SOx, HCl, HF, secondary pollutions, O3 in ground layers of atmosphere.
5. Emission of PCDD, PCDF, PAH, soot, sources of emissions, options for decreasing pollutants concentrations.
6. Solid particles, fly ash, soot, ash balance, manipulation and storage of fly ash and slag.
7. Pollution spreading in atmosphere, air turbulence, atmosphere stability, inversion, calculation models of air pollutions.
8. Mechanical separators, particles settlement in gravity field, cyclones, construction and operation, filtration, textile filters, hose and pocket filters.
9. Electrostatic separators, principle, construction and operating. V-A characteristic, backward corona.
10. Desulphurisation of flue gases, chemical reactions, limestone methods.
11. NOx emission decreasing, primary steps, asid gas removal, catalytic methods of NOx decreasing.
12. Simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOX, flue gas cleaning in incineration stations.
13. Law for protecting of atmosphere cleanness, emission limits, removal of rests from cleaning technologies.
    Exercise 1-2. Refreshing of thermodynamics basics.
3. Stoichiometry + calculation of SO2 emissions, fly ash and slag.
4. Stoichiometry + calculation of CO2 emissions for different kinds of fuels.
5. Determination part of CO2 emissions from desulphurization.
6. Design and calculation of cyclone.
7. Acid gas removal.
8. Excursion - heating station - paper.
9. Calculation of separation ability of electrostatic precipitators.
10. Calculation of imission concentration in atmosphere.
11. Regulation NO.415/2012 Sb - Specific emission limits - example.
12. Excursion - Waste -to-Energy Plant.
13.Credit.
Literature - fundamental:
1. Kiely G.,: Environmental Engineering, McGraw-Hill, Boston, 1997
2. Moore W.J.,: Fyzikální chemie, SNTL, Praha, 1981
3. Baumbach G.,: Luftreinhaltung, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992
Literature - recommended:
1. Skála Z.,: Ekologie v energetice, Brno PC DIR 1994
2. Černý V., Janeba B., Teysler J.,: Parní kotle, Technický průvodce č. 32, SNTL, Praha, 1983
3. Štorch O.,: Čištění průmyslových plynů a exhalací odlučovači, SNTL, Praha, 1974
The study programmes with the given course:
Programme Study form Branch Spec. Final classification   Course-unit credits     Obligation     Level     Year     Semester  
M2I-P full-time study M-ENI Power Engineering P linked to branch B-EPP Cr,Ex 5 Compulsory 2 1 S
M2I-P full-time study M-ENI Power Engineering -- Cr,Ex 5 Compulsory 2 1 S
M2I-P full-time study M-FLI Fluid Engineering P linked to branch B-EPP Cr,Ex 5 Compulsory-optional 2 1 S
M2I-P full-time study M-TEP Environmental Engineering P linked to branch B-EPP Cr,Ex 5 Compulsory-optional 2 1 S
M2I-P full-time study M-TEP Environmental Engineering -- Cr,Ex 5 Compulsory-optional 2 1 S
M2I-P full-time study M-FLI Fluid Engineering -- Cr,Ex 5 Compulsory-optional 2 1 S