Aerodynamics II (FSI-OA2-A)

Academic year 2020/2021
Supervisor: Ing. Robert Popela, Ph.D.  
Supervising institute: LÚ all courses guaranted by this institute
Teaching language: English
Aims of the course unit:
The aim of the course is to expand knowledge gained at the course Aerodynamics I. Outer flows at subsonic, transonic and supersonic speeds are explained, including inner flows in tubes, nozzles and chanels. Basic knowledge on numerical methods and CFD.
Learning outcomes and competences:
Students will get to know how to solve compressible subsonic and supersonic flows around airfoils, wings and aeroplanes as well as flows in nozzles, chanenls and tubes.
Prerequisites:
Basic knowledge of mathematics, differentiation and integral calculus, ordinary differential equations ODE and partial differential equations PDE. Basic knowledge of physics and mechanics, statics and dynamics. Basic knowledge of thermomechanics, 1st and 2nd laws of thermomechanics. Basics of fluid flow, equation of continuity, Bernoulli equation. Examination of Aerodynamics I.
Course contents:
Compressibility effects - fundamental laws of compressible fluid flow – kinematics, dynamics of flow field, viscous effects (state equation, conservation of mass – eq. of continuity, Bernoulli’s eq., Euler’s eq., Navier-Stokes eq.). Compressibility effects on airfoil characteristics, wing characteristics and complete aircraft aerodynamic characteristics. Transonic and supersonic flight – selected topics (sound and temperature barrier, area rule, swept wings etc.). Applied aerodynamics computational methods – panel methods – 2D, 3D BEM, theory and applications. FVD and FVM – 1D,2D and 3D, theory and applications. Commercial software, exercise. Aircraft aerodynamic optimization – tools, optimization techniques, multidisciplinary optimization basics.
Teaching methods and criteria:
The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline. Exercises are focused on practical topics presented in lectures. Teaching is suplemented by practical laboratory work.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes:
Participation at seminars and laboratory exercises is obligatory. Participation at lectures is voluntary. Course-unit credits will be awarded only if: - participation at practical exercises is greater than 11 of 14, - homework assignments are correctly elaborated and submitted, - report of laboratory measurement is submitted, - all problems presented at exercises are correctly finished.. Examination comprises written and possible oral parts. The written one consists of 5 test questions and 2 calculations. Each question per 10 points, each calculation per 20 points. At least 45 points is necessary to pass the exam. Oral part is optional in a case of necessity to clarify some answers from written part.
Controlled participation in lessons:
If attendance at seminars and laboratory exercises is less then 10 of 13 weeks of exercises, a student has to prove he/she elaborated all problems dealt with at missed lessons. If the attendance at exercises is less then 50 % student has to compensate them individualy.
Type of course unit:
    Lecture  13 × 2 hrs. optionally                  
    Laboratory exercise  2 × 1 hrs. compulsory                  
    Exercise  11 × 1 hrs. compulsory                  
Course curriculum:
    Lecture 1. Compressibility effects
1.1 Fundamental laws of compressible fluid flow - fluid kinematics, dynamics, viscosity effects
1.2 Compressibility effects on wing section characteristics
1.3 Compressibility effects on finite wing characteristics
1.4 Compressibility effects on complete aircarft
1.5 Transonic and supersonic flight – selected topics
2. Computational methods in applied aerodynamics
2.1 Panel codes – 2D and 3D BEM, theory and application
2.2 CFD codes – FDM, FVM in 1D, 2D and 3D, theory, application examples, commercial software, exercise
3. Aircraft aerodynamic optimization
3.1 Tools, optimization methods
3.2 Multidisciplinary optimization basics
    Laboratory exercise Outflow of supersonic Laval nozzle.
    Exercise Recalculation of aerodynamic characteristics at subsonic range.
Application of hodpographic transformation.
Comparison of basic methods, accuracy.
Flow at supersonic edges by lineariyed method.
Reflexion of supersonic characteristics at wall and at free boundary.
Mutual interactions of expansion and compression characteristics.
Continuous supersonic expansion at edge of any angle.
Shock waves solution.
Reflexion of shoch wave and continuous expansion.
Solution of flow around an airfoil by CFD, XFOIL.
Solution of flow around an aircraft by CFD, FLUENT.
Evaluation of results, accuracy.
Literature - fundamental:
1. Bertin J. John, Aerodynamics for Engineers, Prentice Hall, 2002
2. Prof. Václav Brož: Aerodynamika VR, , 0
Literature - recommended:
1. J. D. Anderson, jr.: Fundamentals of Aerodynamics, , 0
2. Bertin J. John, Aerodynamics for Engineers, Prentice Hall, 2002
The study programmes with the given course:
Programme Study form Branch Spec. Final classification   Course-unit credits     Obligation     Level     Year     Semester  
N-AST-A full-time study --- no specialisation -- Cr,Ex 5 Compulsory 2 1 S