Vacuum Physics and Technology (FSI-TTV)

Academic year 2018/2019
Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Spousta, Ph.D.  
Supervising institute: ÚFI all courses guaranted by this institute
Teaching language: Czech
Aims of the course unit:
The aim is to facilitate students in basic view on vacuum physics to be able to design simple vacuum systems and to operate simple technologic apparatuses using various levels of vacuum for fabrication of thin films.
Learning outcomes and competences:
Students acquire abilities to calculate and design simple vacuum apparatus (pump velocity, degassing of chamber walls, selection of materials and seals). Students are also able to localize vacuum leaks by various methods.
Prerequisites:
Knowledge of Newtonian mechanics on the level defined by the textbook HALLIDAY, D. - RESNICK, R. - WALKER, J. Fundamentals of Physics. J. Wiley and Sons. Working knowledge of differential, and integral calculus is expected.
Course contents:
The course is devoted to physical processes taking place in vacuum, vacuum measurements, techniques for obtaining vacuum, materials suitable for construction of vacuum systems, and basic components of vacuum systems.
Teaching methods and criteria:
The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline. Exercises are focused on practical topics presented in lectures.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes:
The exam is divided into written- and oral part.
Controlled participation in lessons:
The presence at the practices is obligatory. Absence compensation is laid down by the teacher according to the range of the absented matter.
Type of course unit:
    Lecture  13 × 2 hrs. optionally                  
    Exercise  10 × 1 hrs. compulsory                  
    Computer-assisted exercise  3 × 1 hrs. compulsory                  
Course curriculum:
    Lecture Vacuum. Vacuum definition and classification. History of vacuum techniques. Importance of vacuum technology and applications of vacuum techniques. Books on vacuum technology.
Maxwell distribution of the velocities. Pressure of gas. Mean free path. Law´s of kinetic theory of ideal gases.
Physical processes in vacuum systems.
Effusion, diffusion, transfer of heat and momentum. Flow of gases. Adsorption and desorption. Solubility and permeation of the gases. Evaporation and condensation.
Ionization of the gases. Interactions of electrons and ions with solid surfaces.
Vacuum production. Pumping speed. Pumping of a vacuum system. Rotary and sorption pumps. Diffusion pumps. Turbomolecular pumps. Ion pumps. Cryogenic pumps.
Measurement of low pressures. McLeod gauge, membrane gauges, Pirani gauge, Penning gauges and others ionization gauges.
Quadrupole spectrometer.
High vacuum technology. Components of vacuum apparatus. Materials useful ranges for vacuum. Vacuum valves. Flange fittings. Electrical vacuum feedthroughs. Motion transmission into the vacuum chamber. Vacuum apparatuses. Design of the vacuum complex.
Leak detection. Outgasing of the walls. Rules for operating vacuum systems.
    Exercise The tutorial will be in direct link with the course (solving sample problems of the throughput and pumping speed). Excursion to vacuum laboratory of the Institute of Physical Engineering.
    Computer-assisted exercise Computer-aided design vacuum apparatus.
Literature - fundamental:
1. Weissler, G. L. - Carlsson, R. W.: Vacuum Physics and Technology
2. Groszkowski, J.: Fyzika a technika vakua
3. Roth, A.: Vacum Technology
Literature - recommended:
1. Pátý, L.: Fyzika nízkých tlaků
2. Lukáč, P.: Netesnosti vákuových systémov
3. Lukáč, P.: Sbierka príkladov z vákuovej fyziky
The study programmes with the given course:
Programme Study form Branch Spec. Final classification   Course-unit credits     Obligation     Level     Year     Semester  
B3A-P full-time study B-FIN Physical Engineering and Nanotechnology -- Cr,Ex 3 Compulsory 1 3 W